Our ability to configure the aerial DMSC with specific wavelength combinations provides a means to directly detect specific substances with unique spectral characteristics. These examples show imagery acquired over a former toxic waste dump (left) and a fuel spill (right). Toxic substances in soil can be detected directly if highly concentrated or indirectly due to different spectral responses of plants growing on the affected soils. We utilize the DMSC's ability to image in the near-ultraviolet range to detect oil and fuel spills on water.